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reFramed

Science-backed conversation cards that help you Think, Speak, Act, and Relate with confidence.

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  2. Citation Guide

Research Citations & Academic Foundation

reFramed is built on a foundation of 100+ peer-reviewed studies from leading researchers in behavioral psychology, cognitive science, and social learning theory. Every card technique is backed by evidence.

Habit Formation & Behavioral Change

Research on how habits form and how behavioral interventions create lasting change

Lally, P., Van Jaarsveld, C. H., Potts, H. W., & Wardle, J. (2010)
How are habits formed: Modelling habit formation in the real world
European Journal of Social Psychology, 40(6), 998-1009
Key Finding: Average of 66 days to form a habit, ranging from 18-254 days depending on complexity
Fogg, B. J. (2019)
Tiny Habits: The Small Changes That Change Everything
Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
Key Finding: Micro-behaviors anchor lasting change better than large behavioral shifts
Duhigg, C. (2012)
The Power of Habit: Why We Do What We Do in Life and Business
Random House
Key Finding: Habit loops consist of cue, routine, and reward - changing routine while keeping cue/reward enables habit modification

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy & Reappraisal

Foundational research on cognitive reframing and thought pattern modification

Beck, A. T. (1976)
Cognitive Therapy and the Emotional Disorders
International Universities Press
Key Finding: Thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are interconnected; changing thoughts changes emotional responses
Gross, J. J. (1998)
The emerging field of emotion regulation: An integrative review
Review of General Psychology, 2(3), 271-299
Key Finding: Cognitive reappraisal is more effective than suppression for emotional regulation
Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984)
Stress, Appraisal, and Coping
Springer Publishing Company
Key Finding: How we appraise situations determines emotional and behavioral responses

Communication & Social Skills

Evidence-based research on effective communication patterns and social learning

Rogers, C. R. (1957)
The necessary and sufficient conditions of therapeutic personality change
Journal of Consulting Psychology, 21(2), 95-103
Key Finding: Empathy, genuineness, and unconditional positive regard create psychological safety for change
Gottman, J. M. (1994)
What Predicts Divorce? The Relationship Between Marital Processes and Marital Outcomes
Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
Key Finding: Four communication patterns predict relationship failure: criticism, defensiveness, contempt, stonewalling
Bandura, A. (1977)
Social Learning Theory
Prentice Hall
Key Finding: People learn behaviors through observation, imitation, and modeling

Emotional Regulation & Mindfulness

Research on emotional awareness, regulation strategies, and mindfulness practices

Lieberman, M. D., Eisenberger, N. I., Crockett, M. J., Tom, S. M., Pfeifer, J. H., & Way, B. M. (2007)
Putting feelings into words: affect labeling disrupts amygdala activity in response to affective stimuli
Psychological Science, 18(5), 421-428
Key Finding: Labeling emotions reduces amygdala activation and emotional intensity
Kabat-Zinn, J. (1994)
Wherever You Go, There You Are: Mindfulness Meditation in Everyday Life
Hyperion
Key Finding: Present-moment awareness reduces reactivity and improves emotional regulation
Davidson, R. J., & Lutz, A. (2008)
Buddha's brain: Neuroplasticity and meditation
IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 25(6), 176-188
Key Finding: Mindfulness practice creates measurable changes in brain structure and emotional regulation

How We Apply This Research

THINK Cards

Apply cognitive reappraisal and mindfulness research for clearer thinking under pressure

SPEAK Cards

Use communication research and active listening techniques for effective dialogue

ACT Cards

Implement habit formation and behavioral change research for consistent follow-through

RELATE Cards

Apply social learning theory and emotional regulation research for stronger relationships

Academic Standards

100+
Peer-reviewed studies cited
50+
Leading researchers referenced
30+
Years of combined research

Download Complete Citation Guide

Get the full citation guide with detailed methodology, additional studies, and properly formatted references for academic use.